Explanation

- **Zobrist Hashing** is a hashing technique used in computer games (like chess) to represent game states efficiently. It works by assigning a random bitstring to each possible move or position, then XORing the bitstrings together to create a unique hash for the current game state.

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Steps

• Assign a random bitstring to each possible position or move.
• For each move, XOR the corresponding bitstrings together to update the hash.
• The resulting hash represents the current game state.

Time Complexity

• O(1) for each update or calculation, as XOR operations are constant-time.

import random
 
class ZobristHashing:
    def __init__(self, size):
        self.size = size
        self.table = [[random.getrandbits(64) for _ in range(2)] for _ in range(size)]
        self.hash_value = 0
 
    def update(self, index, bit):
        self.hash_value ^= self.table[index][bit]
 
    def get_hash(self):
        return self.hash_value
 
# Example usage
zobrist = ZobristHashing(10)
zobrist.update(3, 0)
zobrist.update(7, 1)
print(f"Hash Value: {zobrist.get_hash()}")