Explanation

- Encapsulation is the OOP principle of bundling data (attributes) and methods (functions) that manipulate the data into a single unit, i.e., a class. Encapsulation helps to protect the internal state of an object and restricts direct access to some of its attributes, allowing controlled access through public methods. This is achieved by making attributes **private** and providing public methods (getters and setters) to access and modify them.
  
  **Key Points**:
	- **Private Attributes**: Attributes that cannot be accessed directly from outside the class.
	- **Public Methods**: Methods that provide controlled access to private attributes.

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Steps

• Define a class with attributes.
• Use double underscores (__) to make some attributes private.
• Create public methods to provide controlled access to these private attributes.

class Car:
    def __init__(self, brand, model):
        self.__brand = brand  # Private attribute
        self.model = model    # Public attribute
 
    def get_brand(self):  # Public method to access private attribute
        return self.__brand
 
car = Car("Toyota", "Corolla")
print(car.get_brand())  # Output: Toyota